European Economic Community Enlargements: The Common Agricultural Policy, The Wine Sector, and Their Effects on Integration

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to address some of the problems of European integration, with particular emphasis on the Common Agricultural Policy ( CAP) and the last two enlargements of the Community. Greece joined the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1981, and Spain and Portugal joined it in 1986. The CAP has been the subject of much debate and discussion and it is often suggested that it is in desperate need of reform, especially since the nature of the last three member countries is quite different from the previous members. Additionally, the transition stages of the new Mediterranean countries are covered, paying special attention to the wine market, as it is one of, if not the most, important sectors affected by these two enlargements. The analysis begins with historical aspects of the EC followed by an in depth discussion of the CAP and its fullfilment, or lack thereof, of its objectives. Reform possibilities conclude that section. Wine, an extremely significant Mediterranean commodity, and its treatment by the CAP is then discussed. The enlargements are covered historically as well, continuing with an investigation of the impact on the agricultural sector. Finally, research on the role wine played in the recent accessions is offered. [From Introduction]